夏文燕++许荣++方向南++秦永章++欧阳龙强
[摘要]意图 评论吡格列酮和高糖对3T3-L1细胞中p-Perilipin 1A蛋白表达的影响。办法 将以3T3-L1前脂肪细胞诱导分化成3T3-L1脂肪细胞,进行分组,设对照组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖)、高糖加吡格列酮组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖+100 μmol/L吡格列酮),经过测定培育基中甘油含量作为点评脂肪分化的目标,一起用Western blot检测p-Perilipin 1A蛋白表达。成果 经过甘油试剂盒监测甘油释放量,高糖组较对照组显着添加,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01),而高糖加吡格列酮组的甘油释放量较高糖组显着削减,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01);一起Western blot检测成果显现,与对照组比较,高糖组p-Perilipin 1A蛋白显着上调,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01),高糖组与高糖加吡格列酮组比较,显着按捺了p-Perilipin 1A蛋白的上调,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01)。定论 吡格列酮可能经过阻挠p-Perilipin 1A上调来按捺高糖影响下的脂肪分化,削减游离脂肪酸,然后改进胰岛素反抗。
[要害词]吡格列酮;高糖;3T3-L1细胞;p-Perilipin 1A
[中图分类号] R589.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)04(c)-0009-04
[Abstract]Objective To investigate the effects of pioglitazone and high glucose on the expression of p-Perilipin 1A protein in 3T3-L1 cells.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced and differentiated into 3T3-L1 adipocytes and then were classified into three groups:control group (5 mmol/L glucose),high glucose group (25 mmol/L glucose)and high glucose plus Pioglitazone group (25 mmol/L glucose + 100 μmol/L Pioglitazone).The glycerol content of culture medium was determined and taken as the evaluation index of lipolysis;at the same time,Western blot was used to detect the expression of p-Perilipin 1A protein.Results According to the release amount of glycerol monitored by using the glycerol kit,a more obvious increase was seen in high glucose group than in control group,with statistically significant difference (P<0.01);while,a more obvious decrease of the release amount of glycerol occurred in high glucose plus Pioglitazone group than that in high glucose group,with statistically significant difference (P<0.01);at the same time,the p-Perilipin 1A proteinof high glucose group detected by Western blot was significantly increased in comparison with control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01);and the expression of p-Perilipin 1A protein was significantly inhibited in high glucose group in contrast with high glucose plus pioglitazone group,with statistically significant difference (P<0.01).Conclusion Pioglitazone may prevent the up-regulation of p-Perilipin 1A to inhibit glucose-stimulated lipolysis and decrease free fatty acids,thereby improving the insulin resistance.
[Key words]Pioglitazone;High glucose;3T3-L1 cells;p-Perilipin 1A
现在代谢综合征的发病率正以惊人的速度上升[1],脂代谢紊乱是代谢综合征的病理特色,由于在血循环中添加了源自脂肪組织的非酯化游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)[2]。这些FFA能够引发肌肉、肝脏处胰岛素反抗[3]。FFA的浓度首要由脂肪细胞的脂肪分化操控。周脂素(PLIN1,Perilipin 1A)能两层调控脂类代谢[4],Perilipin 1A表达下降和磷酸化上调都能促进脂解,诱发胰岛素反抗[5]。现在,研讨已清晰噻唑烷二酮类诱导调理糖、脂代谢的相关蛋白表达而减轻胰岛素反抗[6],可是怎么调理脂代谢的相关蛋白表达以改进胰岛素反抗效果的研讨尚不多。而本文旨在研讨吡格列酮在3T3-L1细胞是否可经过按捺高糖影响下的脂滴包被蛋白p-Perilipin1A蛋白的表达上调来削减脂肪分化进一步削减FFA,以助于减轻胰岛素反抗。
1材料与办法
1.1首要试剂
3T3-L1前脂肪细胞株(美国形式培育物集存库供给)、葡萄糖(北京益利精密化学品有限公司)、地塞米松(D4902)、1-甲基-3-异丁基-黃嘌(I5879)、无酚红DMEM培育基(美国Sigmag公司)、胰蛋白酶、5 mmol/L无酚红葡萄糖(DMEM)培育基(美国Gibco公司)、兔抗牛p-Perilipin 1A抗体(北京博奥森生物技术公司)、胰岛素(诺和诺德公司)、吡格列酮(质料,纯度99.3%,江苏涟水制药有限公司)、胎牛血清(美国PAA公司)、甘油检测试剂盒(上海超研生物科技有限公司)、Western blot试剂盒(上海经科化学科技有限公司)。
1.2试验办法
1.2.1 3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的培育和诱导分化 3T3-L1前脂肪细胞以含10%胎牛血清(DMEM)培育基,在室温、体积分数为0.07的CO2的条件下培育。细胞融合率为80%~90%时,行传代接种。细胞融合后,加含诱导液(地塞米松、胰岛素、1-甲基-3-异丁基-黄嘌呤)的DMEM培育液再孵育2 d;然后以含10 μg/ml胰岛素的DMEM培育液孵育2 d,随后以DMEM培育液继续孵育6 d,3T3-L1细胞在诱导分化约10 d 90%呈脂肪细胞表型[7]。
1.2.2 3T3-L1脂肪细胞分组 将3T3-L1脂肪细胞分为三组:对照组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖)(第1组)、高糖组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖)(第2组)、高糖+吡格列酮组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖+100 μmol/L吡格列酮)(第3组)。每组细胞以5 mmol/L葡萄糖培育基培育同步化12 h后,第3组无血清培液中参加吡格列酮,探索浓度(0、20、40、60、80、100 μmol/L)达终浓度100 μmol/L,预处理3 h后,第2组和第3组中参加葡萄糖,终浓度25 mmol/L,温育24 h。
1.2.3 3T3-L1脂肪细胞脂肪分化的测定 将脂肪细胞进行分组,衡量脂肪细胞分化的目标是以孵育后测定培育基中甘油累积量。将细胞孵育必定时刻后用GPO-POD酶法直接测定培育基中甘油含量作为累积值。详细在酶标板中每组各设置5个孔,将50 μl无酚红DMEM培育液中参加150 μl工作液中,室温静置15 min,于光密度550波利益比色[8]。制作曲线核算甘油浓度。
1.2.4 Western blot检测p-Perilipin 1A蛋白的表达 将总蛋白样品用SDS-PAGE电泳进行别离,并转移至PVDF膜,常温下以5%脱脂奶粉关闭,参加p-Perilipin 1A多克隆抗体孵育12 h以上,洗刷后,参加辣根过氧化酶(HRP)符号的Ⅱ抗室温孵育1 h,再洗刷,ECL显影剂显影,以激光扫描仪进行定量扫描。
1.3统计学办法
选用SPSS 17.0统计学软件进行数据剖析,计量材料用均数±标准差(x±s)标明,两组间比较选用t查验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学含义。
2成果
2.1吡格列酮对高糖诱发的3T3-L1脂肪细胞脂肪分化的影响
第2组的甘油量比第1组高,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01),第3组较第2组甘油释放量显着下降,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01),而第1组和第3组比较,差异无统计学含义(P>0.05)(图1)。
2.2吡格列酮对p-Perilipin 1A蛋白表达的影响
成果显现,第2组中p-Perilipin 1A蛋白的表达显着添加,与第1组比较,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01);第3组与第2组比较,差异有统计学含义(P<0.01),而与第1组比较,差异无统计学含义(P>0.05),光密度扫描图和剖析见图2。
3评论
代谢综合征是一组杂乱的代谢紊乱群,包含脂代谢紊乱,与心血管疾病的发作开展密切相关[9],还与其他一系列疾病的发作率和死亡率密切相关。有用地封存脂肪能够避免肌肉和肝脏中脂肪酸过度,而损坏代谢综合征发作的信号途径[10]。Perilipin 1A是归于最早发现的脂滴相关蛋白PAT宗族,参加脂肪细胞内三酰甘油的组成与分化,对糖脂代谢平衡起着要害效果[11]。在正常生理条件下,由儿茶酚胺经过进步细胞内的cAMP浓度并激活cAMP依靠的蛋白激酶PKA,磷酸化p-Perilipin 1A,引发脂解[12],且Perilipin的磷酸化是脂解的要害[13],由此发生适量FFA为机体供能,坚持脂代谢平衡。代谢综合征患者的FFA升高,原因之一,Perilipin 1A的表达削减和磷酸化的Perilipin 1A添加,低水平的Perilipin 1A和高水平的p-Perilipin 1A与高脂解率相关[14]。代谢综合征患者内源性影响脂解因子的排泄水平添加,如炎症因子TNF-a、IL-6的排泄等。而最近几年人们已发现存在多种按捺剂能够对这些内源性影响脂解的因子及其信号通路进行按捺,反转Perilipin 1A的改动,削减脂解。如罗格列酮和橘皮素能够按捺NF-kB的信号通路,柚皮素能够按捺IL-6的转录,并能按捺TNF-a和IL-6介导Perilipin 1A的下调[15]。现在高血糖对Perilipin 1A磷酸化的影响研讨十分少,而高血糖是代谢综合征的组成部分,因而本研讨挑选了以高糖作为影响脂肪分化的因子,研讨发现,3T3-L1脂肪细胞在高糖影响下,高糖组的甘油释放量显着较对照组升高,依据Western blot法检测p-Perilipin 1A蛋白表达的数据显现,一起高糖组的p-Perilipin1A蛋白较对照组添加,并有统计学含义,因而本研讨显现高浓度葡萄糖(25 mmol/L)能够进步Perilipin 1A的磷酸化水平,与Zhang等[16]的研讨成果共同,其研讨成果显现,首要信号通路可能包含继续激活磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)和磷脂酶C(PLC),随之下流信号蛋白激酶C(PKC)、丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶(AKT)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/胞外调理号1/2(MAPK/ERK1/2)和胞浆型磷脂酶A2(cPLA2)激活而调理。
在降血糖的藥物中,噻唑烷二酮类药物吡格列酮,对改进胰岛素反抗有着显着的效能[17]。吡格列酮是PPARγ激动剂。已有研讨标明PPARγ这个转录因子与代谢紊乱的调理密切相关,吡格列酮可经过PPARγ通路调理多种信号因子,影响3T3-L1细胞脂肪构成[18],故估测吡格列酮是否能够反转Perilipin 1A磷酸化的改动,削减脂解。本研讨经过测定甘油释放量,吡格列酮预处理后,能够按捺高糖引发的脂肪分化,脂肪分化率显着下降,与高糖组比较,差异有统计学含义。一起依据Western blot法检测p-Perilipin 1A蛋白表达的数据显现,发现p-Perilipin1A蛋白表达下调,阐明吡格列酮能够按捺高糖影响的p-Perilipin1A蛋白的上调,进一步论述了高糖影响下,吡格列酮仍能够经过削减Perilipin1A的磷酸化,削减脂肪分化,则终究能够改进胰岛素反抗。
综上所述,在代谢综合征患病率急速上升的趋势下,需求寻觅有用的药物来操控各项代谢风险要素,本研讨发现p-Perilipin 1A蛋白可作为一医治靶点,调控细胞的脂肪分化,改进胰岛素反抗,一起发现吡格列酮药物能够有用按捺Perilipin1A的磷酸化,削减脂肪分化,但详细调控机制还有待进一步研讨。
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(收稿日期:2017-02-16 本文編辑:任 念)